Vitamin K deficiency is associated with impaired coagulation function and excessive bleeding and hemorrhage (internal bleeding, often severe). Warfarin’s effects can be overcome by ingesting more vitamin K to reactivate the coagulation factor synthesis pathway. Warfarin is used in medicine for those at high risk of thromboembolism to prevent the coagulation cascade by reducing vitamin K dependent synthesis of coagulation factors. Vitamin K can be inhibited by the anticoagulant drug warfarin, which acts as an antagonist for vitamin K. Vitamin K also synthesizes Protein C, Protein S, and Protein Z, anticoagulant proteins that degrade specific coagulation factors, preventing excessive thrombosis following the initial coagulation cascade. Factors II, VII, IX, and X which are all important for the intrinsic and common pathways of coagulation. Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin necessary for synthesis of coagulation factors involved in the coagulation cascade.
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